|
Properties
| Shade Card | Dyeing
Procedur |
REACTIVE
H BRAND DYES are monochlorotriazine
reactive dyes having a low reactivity
and low substantivity. Since these dyes
have low reactivity, they require more
severe conditions for fixation with
cellulosic materials. They are readily
soluble by pouring water of 80-85oC
on powder & stirring well. They
are applicable on cellulosic materials
by both dyeing as well as printing methods.
In comparison with cold brand dyes,
the `H' brand dyes require either a
long steaming time or a high thermofixation
temperature (with urea) for optimum
fixation. H dyes of low to medium substantivity
may lead to migration problem in dyeing
prior to fixation.
When low concentration of highly substantive
dyes are used, tailing becomes evident.
Tailing is avoided by selecting dyes
of low or medium substantivity, using
small padding troughs fed to constant
level and operating at the highest running
speed commensurate with the needs of
the rest of the process
|
|
|
Yellow
M4G
|
Y.18
|
L
|
120
|
G
|
5-6
6-7
|
5
|
4-5
|
5
|
1
|
(+)
|
+
|
+
|
+
|
+
|
|
|
G.Yellow
HR
|
O.12
|
H
|
100
|
F
|
5
6
|
5
|
5
|
5
|
3
|
+
|
+
|
+
|
+
|
+
|
|
|
Orange
H2R
|
O.13
|
H
|
180
|
F
|
3-4
4-5
|
5
|
5
|
4
|
4
|
+
|
+
|
+
|
+
|
+
|
|
|
Red
H8B
|
R.31
|
H
|
100
|
P
|
3
4
|
5
|
4
|
4
|
3-4
|
+
|
+
|
+
|
+
|
+
|
|
|
Magenta
HB
|
V.13
|
M
|
100
|
P
|
3
4
|
4
|
4
|
4
|
1
|
+
|
+
|
+
|
+
|
+
|
|
|
Purple
H3R
|
V.1
|
M
|
100
|
P
|
5-6
6-7
|
5
|
3
|
3
|
4
|
+
|
+
|
+
|
+
|
+
|
|
|
Blue
H5R
|
B.13
|
L
|
100
|
P
|
5
6
|
5
|
4-5
|
5
|
1-2
|
+
|
+
|
+
|
+
|
+
|
|
|
T.
Blue H5G
|
B.25
|
H
|
80
|
P
|
4
5
|
4
|
4
|
4
|
3
|
+
|
+
|
+
|
+
|
+
|
|
|
Red
Brown H4R
|
Br.9
|
L
|
80
|
F
|
4
5
|
4
|
4
|
4
|
4
|
+
|
+
|
+
|
+
|
+
|
|
|
Black
HN
|
Bl.8
|
L
|
60
|
P
|
4-5
5
|
4-5
|
4-5
|
4-5
|
3-4
|
-
|
+
|
+
|
+
|
+
|
|
| |
| Key
to Abbreviations |
| |
| Affinity
or Substantivity on cotton |
|
| L |
= Low |
+ |
= Suitable |
| M |
= Medium |
(+) |
= Fairly
Suitable |
| H |
= High |
- |
= Not
Suitable |
| V |
= Very
High |
|
|
| Dischargeability |
: G = Good;
F = Fair;
P = Poor
|
| Light |
: 1
to 8 in increasing order |
| Washing
& other |
: 1
to 5 in increasing order |
| Y |
= Yellow |
O |
= Orange |
| R |
= Red |
V |
= Violet |
| B |
= Blue |
Br |
= Brown |
| Bl |
= Black |
G |
= Green |
|
| Top |
|
DYEING
METHODS
Though
`H' dyes are of major interest for
printing applications, a variety
of dyeing methods are used for `H'
dyes.
| i) |
Exhaust
dyeing method (Jigger Machines)
Set the dye-bath with required
amount of water at 40oC
and add half the amount
of dyestuff solution with
1-2 g/l resist salt, run
for 1 turn and add the remaining
half amount of dyestuff
solution and run for another
turn.
Then add half of the salt
and start raising the temperature
slowly. (such that 65 to
85oC temperature
could be attained after
two turns). Run for I turn
and then add the remaining
amount of the salt and give
it another turn.
Now add half the amount
of predissolved alkali and
give one turn. Temperature
is maintained at 80oC.
Add remaining half amount
of alkali and give another
three turn for better fixation
give two more turns and
then drain the jigger.
| Below
0.5% |
40
gm/l |
10
gm/l |
| 0.5
to 2.0% |
60
gm/l |
15
gm/l |
| 2.0
to 4.0% |
80
gm/l |
20
gm/l |
| Above
4.0% |
100
gm/l |
20
gm/l |
|
|
ii) |
Exhaust dyeing method (Winch
Machines) Viscose Rayon
The dye bath is set at 50oC
with 20 parts/1000 parts
resist salt and dissolved
dye solution is added and
fabric is dyes for 10 minutes.
The required amount of salt
is added and goods are dyed
for about 15 minutes. Then
soda ash is added and dyeing
is continued for further
10 minutes. The goods are
then washed.
Salt and alkali requirements
- Parts/1000 parts
| Upto
0.5% |
40
|
10
|
| 0.5
to 1.5% |
50
|
15
|
| 1.5
to 3.0% |
60
|
20
|
| Above
3.0% |
80
|
20
|
|
| iii) |
Pad-dyeing
method
`H' dyes are applicable by
this method by using padding
mangle and suitable drying
and steaming equipments as
per requirement.
(a)Pad - Dry - Bake - Wash
| |
Urea
|
200
parts |
| |
Sod.
Alginate Paste |
2
parts |
| |
Soda
Ash |
10-20
parts |
| |
Water
|
remaining |
| |
Total
|
1000
parts |
The fabric is padded cold
in above padding liquor and
dried in hot flue, hot air
stenter or in drying cylinders.
The dried fabric is then baked
for 30 seconds to 5 minutes
at 200-160oC for
fixation. The drying before
thermofixation should be slow
and even to avoid migration
and an unlevel condition.
(b) Pad - Dry - Steam -
Wash
| |
Urea
|
Min.
amt. if required
|
| |
Resist
salt |
10
parts |
| |
Soda
Ash |
10
parts |
| |
Sod.
Bicarbonate |
10
parts |
| |
Sod.
Alginate Paste |
2
parts |
| |
Water
|
remaining |
| |
Total
|
1000
parts |
The fabric is padded cold
in above padding liquor and
dried in hot flue. The fabric
is then steamed for 3-10 minutes
at 100-150oC and
washed-off.
(c) Pad - Dry - Chemical
pad - Dry - Steam - Wash
The dye is dissolved with
a minimum amount of urea and
10 parts of resist salt per
1000 parts and liquor. The
fabric is then padded cold,
dried and passed through caustic
soda in brine solution and
then steamed for 60-75 seconds
at 100-105oC and
washed off.
Parts/1000 parts
| Upto
30 |
10
|
300
|
| 45 |
15
|
300
|
| 60 |
20
|
300
|
| 75 |
25
|
300
|
| 90 |
30
|
300
|
(d) Pad - Batch - Wash
- Dry
| Padding
Liquor |
Dye
+ 2-5 gm/l wetting
agent |
| |
+10-30
gm/l common salt |
| |
+15
gm/l caustic soda
100% |
The fabric is padded in the
above padding liquor and covered
with a plastic sheet. Keep
it for maximum 24 hours and
wash.
Washing off procedure
In order to obtain maximum
wet-fastness properties, brightness
and purity of shades with
consistent dyeing results.
It is essential to give a
through 'Soaping' to clear
off unreached hydrolyzed dye
from the dyed fabric.
The dyed fabric is rinsed
repeatedly in cold water to
remove of the alkali, salt
and unfixed dye present and
rinsed again in warm water
not higher than 60oC
then run in a bath containing:
Anionic detergent - 1/2 gms/liter
for 15 minutes at the boil.
Then rinse in warm water (up
to 60 oC) and finally
in cold water. The most satisfactory
results in Washing off, particularly
for piece goods are obtained
by employing an open soaper
or perforated Beam-washing
machine. If such equipments
are not available, conventional
ones like jig or winch may
be used. For yarn in the hank
form open-vat is employed
and for yarn in packaged form
the package-dyeing machine
itself used.
(B) Printing Methods
Due to low reactivity of these
dyes the print paste stability
containing alkali is very
good. Secondly due to low
substantivity the hydrolyzed
dyes have the least tendency
to stain adjacent white materials
and thus these dyes are more
popular for use by printing
applications, the different
printing methods are as under:
(i) Print - Dry - Steam
- Wash - Dry
('H' dye with alkali) Printing
recipe
| 'H'
dye |
5-70 |
- |
| Urea |
50-100 |
100 |
| Water |
505-420 |
475 |
| Sod.
Alginate 4% to 6% |
400 |
400 |
| Resist
Salt |
10 |
10 |
| Soda
bi carb. |
15-30 |
15 |
| Total |
1000 |
1000 |
Process
Mix dye powder with urea
and pour hot water of temperature
about 80-85oC
and stir well to dissolve
completely. Add this dye
solution to sodium alginate
thickening paste containing
resist salt stir well to
mix. Just before printing
add sodium bicarbonate.
Print the cloth with above
print paste and dry. Avoid
over-drying and protect
printed goods from acid
or reducing fumes. Then
steam dried goods for 5-8
minutes on rapid ager or
15-20 minutes on star ager.
(ii) Print - Dry - Bake
- Wash - Dry
('H' dye with alkali)
|
Printing recipe |
'H'
dye |
5-50 |
| Urea |
150-200 |
| Water |
400-300 |
| Sod.
Alginate Paste |
400 |
| Resist
salt |
10 |
| Soda
Ash |
15* |
Process
Prepare the print paste, print
and dye the goods. The dried
goods are then baked as under:
| Temperature |
140oC |
200oC |
150oC |
200oC |
| Time |
5
min. |
1
min. |
5
min. |
1
min. |
* use Sodium Bicarbonate for
Blue H5G and Red Brown H4R.
Use 30 parts soda ash with
black HN.
(iii) Print - Dry - Pad
- Batch - Sodium Silicate
- Wash - Dry
(`H' dye without alkali)
|
Printing recipe |
'H'
dye |
40
parts |
| Urea |
100
parts |
| Water |
450
parts |
| Sod.
Alginate Paste |
400
parts |
| Resist
salt |
10
parts |
| Total |
1000
parts |
The cloth is printed with
the above paste and dried.
The dried goods are then
padded in a sodium silicate
solution of 100o
Tw and padding goods are
batched on plastic sheet
and kept for about 15 hours
and then washed. (Silicate
: 1:2:1 Na2O
: SiO2 ratio).
|
|
|
| Top |
|
Properties
| Shade Card | Dyeing
Procedur |
